"Beginning in 1870, he studied natural sciences at the Universities of Leipzig, Munich and Halle, obtaining his habilitation in 1875 from the Polytechnic Confederation in Zurich.
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is the taxonomic authority of Sordariaceae, a family of perithecial fungi. In 1880 he described the order Ustilaginales (smut fungi). He also conducted anatomical and morphological research of crustose lichens.
From 1871 to 1879, he was co-editor of the journal "Hedwigia", from 1879 until his death, he served as its editor. With Anton de Bary and Heinrich Rehm, he was co-author of Die Pilze Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz." - (en.wikipedia.org 11.11.2019)